{"id":1266,"date":"2023-02-13T16:19:16","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T16:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/"},"modified":"2023-02-13T16:19:16","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T16:19:16","slug":"characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy","status":"publish","type":"publication","link":"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/","title":{"rendered":"Characteristics of Foreign R&#038;D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy"},"content":{"rendered":"\nThe aim of the paper is, firstly, to identify a number of strategies Swiss firms pursue by performing foreign R&amp;D, expecting that firms, in many instances, are driven by a combination of several motives (\u201cmixed strategies\u201d). Secondly, we ask whether foreign and domestic R&amp;D are substitutes or complements. Thirdly, we draw some policy conclusions based on results for direct and indirect home-country effects of foreign R&amp;D. By applying cluster analysis, we identified four specific patterns of motives of foreign R&amp;D. In a second step, we investigated whether these clusters effectively may be interpreted as specific types of R&amp;D strategies. To this end, the clusters were characterised in terms of a large number of variables, which, according to the OLI paradigm of FDI, determine foreign R&amp;D. We found that the patterns of the four clusters systematically differ with respect to these theory-related variables. Some clusters represent, in terms of motives, broad-based mixed strategies, whereas others are strongly focused. It turns out that foreign R&amp;D strategies that primarily aim at exploiting capabilities of the domestic headquarters dominate, whereas cost-reducing strategies are of very minor importance. In case of the other two strategies knowledge sourcing is a constituent element, in the first one, knowledge sourcing is at the core, in the second case it is an important element in the frame of a broad-based strategy. The relative importance of the four strategies implies that, on balance, foreign and domestic R&amp;D are complements. Notwithstanding this positive result, it is sensible to take policy actions supporting the economy to capitalise even more on outward FDI in R&amp;D. Policy basically should aim at securing the attractiveness of Switzerland as a location for R&amp;D-intensive headquarters of firms performing foreign R&amp;D, and at enhancing knowledge spillovers from headquarter companies to other domestic firms. The five categories of measures we recommend are part of a framework-oriented policy design rather than of a more interventionist concept.\n\n\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","jelcode":[51,34,189],"keyword":[472,474,190,473,471],"class_list":["post-1266","publication","type-publication","status-publish","hentry","jelcode-f21","jelcode-f23","jelcode-o3","keyword-foreign-r-d-strategies","keyword-home-country-effects-of-outward-fdi-in-r-d","keyword-internationalisation-of-r-d","keyword-knowledge-spillovers","keyword-motives-of-foreign-r-d"],"acf":{"year":2008,"month":3,"day":"","volume":"","number":"015","pages":23,"reviewed":"0","citeid":"FIW_WP_015","fiwseries":"FIW Working Papers","event":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Characteristics of Foreign R&amp;D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy - FIW<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Characteristics of Foreign R&amp;D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy - FIW\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The aim of the paper is, firstly, to identify a number of strategies Swiss firms pursue by performing foreign R&amp;D, expecting that firms, in many instances, are driven by a combination of several motives (\u201cmixed strategies\u201d). Secondly, we ask whether foreign and domestic R&amp;D are substitutes or complements. Thirdly, we draw some policy conclusions based [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FIW\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/wifo_fiw_logo_short_rgb.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"843\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"293\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CentreFiw\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/\",\"name\":\"Characteristics of Foreign R&D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy - FIW\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-13T16:19:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-13T16:19:16+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Startseite\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Publications\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Characteristics of Foreign R&#038;D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/\",\"name\":\"FIW\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"FIW\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/wifo_fiw_logo_kugel_rgb.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/wifo_fiw_logo_kugel_rgb.png\",\"width\":843,\"height\":843,\"caption\":\"FIW\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/x.com\/CentreFiw\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Characteristics of Foreign R&D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy - FIW","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.fiw.ac.at\/en\/publications\/characteristics-of-foreign-rd-strategies-of-swiss-firms-implications-for-policy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Characteristics of Foreign R&D Strategies of Swiss Firms: Implications for Policy - FIW","og_description":"The aim of the paper is, firstly, to identify a number of strategies Swiss firms pursue by performing foreign R&amp;D, expecting that firms, in many instances, are driven by a combination of several motives (\u201cmixed strategies\u201d). 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